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With the third option, I don't have to pay for anything but electricity. The IP address of the server will remain fixed, and I can even add in DynDNS if I really want to. I would '''never''' open up my firewall to a Windows host on my network. Thanks to VirtualBox and Ubuntu, I don't have to. I simply port-forward to the Ubuntu guest OS. That host is purpose-built and doesn't have extra services that need maintenance/security or which could introduce conflicts.
Using <code>nmap</code> to see if your minecraft server is properly port-forwarded
<source lang="bash">
# Use nmap to knock on port 25565 at the external IP address
# Add in the -Pn option to treat all host as "online" in the HOST DISCOVERY stage; in other words, skip the host discovery stage
# because for Comcast, the port will be in "stealth mode" or "filtered" and the host will not respond to pings.
nmap -Pn -p25565 50.164.164.219
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
25565/tcp filtered minecraft
</source>
In the above nmap scan, "filtered" means that a firewall, filter, or other network obstacle is blocking the port so that Nmap cannot tell whether it is open or closed.
[[Category:Minecraft]]