Difference between revisions of "Video Blogging"

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(adds info about the Video editing software)
(link to YouTube video about the)
 
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{{Feature
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|image=YouTube Logo 2017.svg
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|imgdesc=Video
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|title=
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}}
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{{#set:feature description = embed videos from 30 popular services directly into your wiki }}
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{{#set:feature notes = local content (mp4 files uploaded into the wiki) is displayed in a video player }}
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{{#set:feature tests =  }}
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{{#set:feature examples = }}
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With the embed video feature of MediaWiki, you can use a simple "tag" like
 +
<pre>{{#ev:vimeo|192125770}} or {{#ev:youtube|xxxxxxxx}}</pre>
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to put your Vimeo or YouTube videos into your wiki.
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Full syntax: <kbd><nowiki>{{#ev:service|id|dimensions|alignment|description|container|urlargs|autoresize|valignment}}</nowiki></kbd> However, if needed optional arguments may be left blank by not putting anything between the pipes:
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<kbd><nowiki>{{#ev:service|id|||description}}</nowiki></kbd>
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See https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:EmbedVideo for more help
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{{#ev:vimeo|192125770}}
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==Screencasting==
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You want to create some videos for YouTube you say? Something which sounds so simple can quickly get pretty involved. I mean, you ''can'' simply hit record on your web cam, save the result to a file, and then upload it - done. But unless you are perfect at "one shot" takes, it isn't so simple. If you care about the quality of the results that's when it quickly gets complicated. To record audio, you want a good microphone. With a good microphone, you want a good pair of headphones to monitor your sound. With a good recording, you're going to want some 'studio' equipment and software to mix your tracks into a final product. There are countless choices for audio / video / recording / mixing equipment and the software (plus 'content libraries' like sound effects or video fades). I'm not a professional musician, sound engineer nor even a professional vlogger. But, I'm interested in making some quality screencasts so here are my notes about some of the choices I'm making for my setup.
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 +
===Microphone===
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There are four types of microphone <ref>https://blog.landr.com/microphone-types/</ref>
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* Dynamic Microphones
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* Large Diaphram Condensor Microphones
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* Small Diaphram Condensor Microphones
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* Ribbon Microphones
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'''RØDE''' microphones are certainly among the top brands<ref>Top brands for microphones include [https://www.shure.com/en-US Shure], [https://en-us.sennheiser.com/ Sennheiser], [https://www.akg.com/ AKG], [https://rode.com/en-us Rode], Audio-Technica, Neumann, Electro-Voice, Blue, Samson, and Heil Sound https://hellomusictheory.com/learn/best-microphone-brands/</ref> and are distributed through Target and BestBuy as well as the usual online outlets.
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*The [https://rode.com/en-us/microphones/studio-condenser/nt1a Rode NT1-A] that [https://www.youtube.com/@GabeRundlett Gabe] uses is a classic large-diaphragm true-condenser microphone. The NT1-A comes with the RØDE SM6, a high-quality suspension shock mount that provides isolation from external physical factors that may cause unwanted rumble and vibrations in the microphone. It includes a removable pop shield for clean, plosive-free recording with two axes of adjustment and a telescopic arm for ultimate application versatility. A high-quality XLR cable is also supplied.
 +
*The [https://rode.com/en-us/microphones/usb/podmic-usb PodMic USB] ($199) is a dynamic Broadcast Microphone that offers dual USB and XLR connectivity. It has an internal pop filter and shock mount plus comes with an external pop filter. There are several additional pieces of software available from Rode to make the best use of the PodMic, such as '''Rode Central''' to configure the internal digital signal processing. '''Rode Connect''' will allow you to configure multiple USB microphones on a single computer.
 +
 +
{{#ev:youtube|JjXblQ3GutE}}
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 +
If your microphone uses a standard XLR cable for output, then you are going to need an interface to be able to connect it to your computer. One such interface is the '''[https://focusrite.com/en/usb-audio-interface/scarlett/scarlett-2i2 Focusrite Scarlet 2i2]''' Sadly, the focusrite does not appear to be compatible with Linux - only offering driver downloads for Mac and Windows. So, if you're looking for equipment that will be truly cross-platform, that is something to consider - meaning you might want to get a mic that is already USB capable.
 +
 +
There are cables that convert XLR to USB, but be sure that this will work for your setup and type of microphone. An XLR to USB cable can be useful for connecting old analog mixers to a computer. The type of microphone you have will correlate to the power requirements it has. Condenser microphones require power to function (called phantom power) compared with ribbon microphones which do not. Meanwhile dynamic microphones do not output a powerful signal, and thus require amplification.
 +
 +
===Mixer===
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[[File:Focusrite_Console_02.jpg|alt=Focusrite Console|right|640x640px|JacoTen, [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0 CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons]]
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 +
 +
RODE produces mixers that can be a good hardware choice. Examples include the [https://rode.com/en-us/interfaces-and-mixers/streamer-series/streamer-x Streamer-X] ($399). Various models are available with prices reflecting the number of soft switches (programmable buttons), inputs and outputs.
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 +
===Software===
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Instead of a hardware mixer (that requires various software to interact with, administer or configure the hardware), you can alternatively use a complete software approach. OBS Studio is a [[:en:Software_vision_mixer|software vision mixer]] and [[:en:Mixing_console|audio mixer]].
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 +
[[:en:OBS_Studio|'''OBS Studio''']] is GPL-licensed software app for [[Screencast|screencasting]]  and live streaming. Written in C/C++ and built with Qt, OBS Studio provides real-time capture, scene composition, recording, encoding, and broadcasting via Real Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP), HLS, SRT or RIST. It can stream videos to any RTMP-supporting destination, including YouTube, Twitch, Instagram and Facebook.
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 +
 +
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<br />
 +
----
 +
The rest of this article is quite a bit dated.
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----
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 +
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 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
 
[http://rundlett.com/cms/blog/video-blogging As mentioned], I got a [[wp:Flip Video]] camera.  Here then are some notes about video blogging with the camera.
 
[http://rundlett.com/cms/blog/video-blogging As mentioned], I got a [[wp:Flip Video]] camera.  Here then are some notes about video blogging with the camera.
  
−
== Downloading Video ==
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==Recording==
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Although the camera will indicate that it has 60 minutes of record time available when the memory is completely empty, I was able to record over two hours of a User Group presentation.  Perhaps the extended available time was due to the high compressibility of a mostly static scene (slides on a screen).  More testing is in order.
 +
 
 +
The zoom capability is a digital effect rather than an optical zoom, so basically you don't want to ever use the zoom because all you will do is make your source more grainy.
 +
 
 +
==Downloading Video==
 
Simply plugging the camera's USB connector into your computer's USB port will mount the internal storage of the camera, and you can copy the files to any disk space you have.  Since the camera supports the USB2 interface, file transfers go at a rate of about 5MB/second in my case.
 
Simply plugging the camera's USB connector into your computer's USB port will mount the internal storage of the camera, and you can copy the files to any disk space you have.  Since the camera supports the USB2 interface, file transfers go at a rate of about 5MB/second in my case.
  
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== Watching Video ==
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==Watching Video==
 
The Flip Video gives you .avi files.  You can watch or upload and share these with almost no effort.
 
The Flip Video gives you .avi files.  You can watch or upload and share these with almost no effort.
 
The ffmpeg project provides decoding capabilities because essentially, no matter what the encoding algorithm is, the decoding of an MPEG-4 file is standard. What this means in practice is that you can use KMPlayer, Totem, Xine or any media player you want to watch the videos you recorded.
 
The ffmpeg project provides decoding capabilities because essentially, no matter what the encoding algorithm is, the decoding of an MPEG-4 file is standard. What this means in practice is that you can use KMPlayer, Totem, Xine or any media player you want to watch the videos you recorded.
  
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== Video Editors ==
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==Video Editors==
 
When you want to edit these files, you can use an editing tool like Kino (consumer oriented) or [[wp:Kdenlive|Kdenlive]] (pro-sumer oriented).  These tools are similar in function to Adobe Premier, but without the $800 pricetag.  If you already have files in DV format, then Kino is probably the best choice (and relatively easy to use).  However, Kino will not edit .avi directly, and so it will offer to convert any .avi file to .dv -- which not only takes time, but will also increase the filesize by almost a factor of 10.  So, for direct editting of .avi files, you are best off getting familiar with the more advanced interface of the Kdenlive tool.
 
When you want to edit these files, you can use an editing tool like Kino (consumer oriented) or [[wp:Kdenlive|Kdenlive]] (pro-sumer oriented).  These tools are similar in function to Adobe Premier, but without the $800 pricetag.  If you already have files in DV format, then Kino is probably the best choice (and relatively easy to use).  However, Kino will not edit .avi directly, and so it will offer to convert any .avi file to .dv -- which not only takes time, but will also increase the filesize by almost a factor of 10.  So, for direct editting of .avi files, you are best off getting familiar with the more advanced interface of the Kdenlive tool.
  
 
I should mention that Windows users can use the simple (as in plain, very limited) video editing tools provided with the Flip Video camera.  It looks like the only thing it does is "clip" the video (allowing you to choose a later start and an earlier end).  The software also interacts with a web service to combine videos but with no control over titling, effects, and sound tracks.
 
I should mention that Windows users can use the simple (as in plain, very limited) video editing tools provided with the Flip Video camera.  It looks like the only thing it does is "clip" the video (allowing you to choose a later start and an earlier end).  The software also interacts with a web service to combine videos but with no control over titling, effects, and sound tracks.
  
−
=== Kdenlive ===
+
===Kdenlive===
 
{{ambox
 
{{ambox
 
| text = Note that Kdenlive has been ported to KDE4, and so you will probably want to use that version if you are setup to run the KDE4 desktop.}}
 
| text = Note that Kdenlive has been ported to KDE4, and so you will probably want to use that version if you are setup to run the KDE4 desktop.}}
  
 
To get started, see the wiki book
 
To get started, see the wiki book
−
* http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kdenlive
+
 
 +
*http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kdenlive
 +
 
 
Watch the short example video
 
Watch the short example video
−
* http://kdenlive.sourceforge.net/videos/transitions.ogg
+
 
 +
*http://kdenlive.sourceforge.net/videos/transitions.ogg
 +
 
 
Visit the website
 
Visit the website
−
* http://kdenlive.org/
 
  
−
== Video Sharing ==
+
*http://kdenlive.org/
−
Add notes about using YouTube, Google Video, AOL Video or other services like [http://www.vimeo.com/ vimeo]
+
 
 +
Kdenlive has instructions on how to make and add a tutorial to their site, including how to create and upload desktop recordings onto vimeo.com (see section below on sharing) http://kdenlive.org/contribution-manual/how-make-video-tutorial  Note that in the latest Kdenlive, RecordMyDesktop is integrated so that you can just open Kdenlive to start your desktop recording project.
 +
 
 +
===Avidemux===
 +
Using Avidemux, it would prompt me to reindex the file with every FlipVideo avi file that I opened.  So, perhaps that is an indication of some internal decoding issue that the FlipVideo presents to any codec trying to read the standard avi container format.
 +
 
 +
I tried using Avidemux to cut an original. Unfortunately, I've had problems trying to slice an original file produced by the FlipVideo.  I tried to cut an orginal 2hr video down to two 45 minute sessions and a 30 minute session.  The video cut fine, but the audio was left behind.  Presumably this is due to sync issues which I have yet to figure out.
 +
 
 +
===HandBrake===
 +
I used HandBrake successfully to re-encode the avi file into mp4 format.  It took 9hours to do the conversion which I left unattended while I went to work.  The 954MB source was turned into a 1.4GB mp4  In the log, you can see that it adds several microseconds of silence to keep audio and video in sync.
 +
<pre>
 +
[08:08:59] lingui: Handbrake Version: 0.9.3 (2008112300)
 +
[08:08:59] hb_init: checking cpu count
 +
[08:08:59] hb_init: starting libhb thread
 +
[08:08:59] hb_init: checking cpu count
 +
[08:08:59] hb_init: starting libhb thread
 +
[08:10:01] hb_scan: path=/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi, title_index=0
 +
[08:10:01] scan: trying to open with libdvdread
 +
[08:10:01] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
 +
Input #0, avi, from '/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi':
 +
Duration: 02:01:43.41, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1084 kb/s
 +
Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 640x480 [PAR 1:1 DAR 4:3], 30.00 tb(r)
 +
Stream #0.1: Audio: adpcm_ms, 44100 Hz, mono, s16, 177 kb/s
 +
[08:10:02] scan: decoding previews for title 1
 +
[08:10:02] scan: 10 previews, 640x480, 30.000 fps, autocrop = 0/0/0/0, aspect 1.33:1, PAR 1:1
 +
[08:10:02] scan: title (0) job->width:640, job->height:480
 +
[08:10:02] libhb: scan thread found 1 valid title(s)
 +
[08:14:05] hb_scan: path=/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi, title_index=1
 +
[08:14:05] scan: trying to open with libdvdread
 +
[08:14:05] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
 +
Input #0, avi, from '/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi':
 +
Duration: 02:01:43.41, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1084 kb/s
 +
Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 640x480 [PAR 1:1 DAR 4:3], 30.00 tb(r)
 +
Stream #0.1: Audio: adpcm_ms, 44100 Hz, mono, s16, 177 kb/s
 +
[08:14:06] scan: decoding previews for title 1
 +
[08:14:06] scan: 10 previews, 640x480, 30.000 fps, autocrop = 0/0/0/0, aspect 1.33:1, PAR 1:1
 +
[08:14:06] scan: title (0) job->width:640, job->height:480
 +
[08:14:06] libhb: scan thread found 1 valid title(s)
 +
[08:14:06] lingui: Preset: Basic->Normal
 +
[08:14:06] 2 job(s) to process
 +
[08:14:06] starting job
 +
[08:14:06] work: sanitizing track 0 mixdown Stereo to Mono
 +
[08:14:06] job configuration:
 +
[08:14:06]  * source
 +
[08:14:06]    + /media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi
 +
[08:14:06]    + title 1, chapter(s) 1 to 1
 +
[08:14:06]    + container: avi
 +
[08:14:06]    + data rate: 1084 kbps
 +
[08:14:06]  * destination
 +
[08:14:06]    + /home/greg/Desktop/mediawiki/2009-01-14.12.30.mp4
 +
[08:14:06]    + container: MPEG-4 (.mp4 and .m4v)
 +
[08:14:06]      + chapter markers
 +
[08:14:06]  * video track
 +
[08:14:06]    + decoder: mpeg4
 +
[08:14:06]    + frame rate: same as source (around 30.000 fps)
 +
[08:14:06]    + loose anamorphic
 +
[08:14:06]      + storage dimensions: 640 * 480 -> 640 * 480, crop 0/0/0/0
 +
[08:14:06]      + pixel aspect ratio: 1 / 1
 +
[08:14:06]      + display dimensions: 640 * 480
 +
[08:14:06]    + encoder: x264
 +
[08:14:06]      + options: ref=2:bframes=2:me=umh:ref=1:subme=1:me=dia:analyse=none:trellis=0:no-fast-pskip=0:8x8dct=0:weightb=0
 +
[08:14:06]      + bitrate: 1500 kbps, pass: 1
 +
[08:14:06]  * audio track 0
 +
[08:14:06]    + decoder: Unknown (ADPCM_M) (track 1, id 1)
 +
[08:14:06]    + mixdown: Mono
 +
[08:14:06]    + encoder: faac
 +
[08:14:06]      + bitrate: 160 kbps, samplerate: 44100 Hz
 +
[08:14:06] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
 +
[08:14:06] encx264: keyint-min: 31, keyint-max: 301
 +
[08:14:06] encx264: encoding with stored aspect 1/1
 +
x264 [info]: using SAR=1/1
 +
x264 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2 Cache64
 +
x264 [info]: profile Main, level 3.0
 +
[08:14:06] sync: expecting 219132 video frames
 +
[08:14:07] reader: first SCR 0
 +
[09:07:45] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 207793188, next 207784187
 +
[10:00:16] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 415582221, next 415573220
 +
[10:46:40] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 623375409, next 623366408
 +
[10:54:16] reader: done. 1 scr changes
 +
[10:54:27] sync: got 219089 frames, 219132 expected
 +
[10:54:27] work: average encoding speed for job is 22.772926 fps
 +
[10:54:28] mpeg4-decoder done: 219091 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
 +
[10:54:28] render: lost time: 0 (0 frames)
 +
[10:54:28] render: gained time: 0 (0 frames) (0 not accounted for)
 +
x264 [info]: slice I:734  Avg QP:11.91  size: 32553  PSNR Mean Y:51.97 U:53.81 V:54.35 Avg:52.55 Global:52.39
 +
x264 [info]: slice P:76107 Avg QP:12.47  size:  9659  PSNR Mean Y:49.26 U:50.86 V:51.46 Avg:49.79 Global:49.61
 +
x264 [info]: slice B:142249 Avg QP:13.27  size:  4273  PSNR Mean Y:49.10 U:50.67 V:51.31 Avg:49.62 Global:49.44
 +
x264 [info]: consecutive B-frames:  1.3%  4.1% 94.7%
 +
x264 [info]: mb I  I16..4: 27.3%  0.0% 72.7%
 +
x264 [info]: mb P  I16..4: 11.7%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4: 84.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip: 4.3%
 +
x264 [info]: mb B  I16..4:  2.8%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8: 49.8%  0.0%  0.0%  direct:26.8%  skip:20.6%  L0:41.9% L1:52.0% BI: 6.1%
 +
x264 [info]: final ratefactor: 19.77
 +
x264 [info]: SSIM Mean Y:0.9947361
 +
x264 [info]: PSNR Mean Y:49.162 U:50.749 V:51.374 Avg:49.688 Global:49.505 kb/s:1497.25
 +
[10:54:28] adpcm_ms-decoder done: 0 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
 +
[10:54:28] starting job
 +
[10:54:28] work: sanitizing track 0 mixdown Stereo to Mono
 +
[10:54:28] job configuration:
 +
[10:54:28]  * source
 +
[10:54:28]    + /media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi
 +
[10:54:28]    + title 1, chapter(s) 1 to 1
 +
[10:54:28]    + container: avi
 +
[10:54:28]    + data rate: 1084 kbps
 +
[10:54:28]  * destination
 +
[10:54:28]    + /home/greg/Desktop/mediawiki/2009-01-14.12.30.mp4
 +
[10:54:28]    + container: MPEG-4 (.mp4 and .m4v)
 +
[10:54:28]      + chapter markers
 +
[10:54:28]  * video track
 +
[10:54:28]    + decoder: mpeg4
 +
[10:54:28]    + frame rate: same as source (around 30.000 fps)
 +
[10:54:28]    + loose anamorphic
 +
[10:54:28]      + storage dimensions: 640 * 480 -> 640 * 480, crop 0/0/0/0
 +
[10:54:28]      + pixel aspect ratio: 1 / 1
 +
[10:54:28]      + display dimensions: 640 * 480
 +
[10:54:28]    + encoder: x264
 +
[10:54:28]      + options: ref=2:bframes=2:me=umh
 +
[10:54:28]      + bitrate: 1500 kbps, pass: 2
 +
[10:54:28]  * audio track 0
 +
[10:54:28]    + decoder: Unknown (ADPCM_M) (track 1, id 1)
 +
[10:54:28]    + mixdown: Mono
 +
[10:54:28]    + encoder: faac
 +
[10:54:28]      + bitrate: 160 kbps, samplerate: 44100 Hz
 +
[10:54:28] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
 +
[10:54:28] encx264: keyint-min: 31, keyint-max: 301
 +
[10:54:28] encx264: encoding with stored aspect 1/1
 +
x264 [info]: using SAR=1/1
 +
x264 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2 Cache64
 +
[10:54:28] reader: first SCR 0
 +
x264 [info]: profile Main, level 3.0
 +
[10:54:51] sync: expecting 219132 video frames
 +
[12:44:10] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 207793188, next 207784187
 +
[14:42:28] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 415582221, next 415573220
 +
[16:42:30] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 623375409, next 623366408
 +
[17:01:15] reader: done. 1 scr changes
 +
[17:01:50] sync: got 219089 frames, 219132 expected
 +
[17:01:50] work: average encoding speed for job is 9.949869 fps
 +
[17:01:52] mpeg4-decoder done: 219091 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
 +
[17:01:52] render: lost time: 0 (0 frames)
 +
[17:01:52] render: gained time: 0 (0 frames) (0 not accounted for)
 +
x264 [info]: slice I:734  Avg QP:12.25  size: 32048  PSNR Mean Y:51.61 U:54.77 V:55.34 Avg:52.47 Global:52.38
 +
x264 [info]: slice P:76108 Avg QP:12.63  size:  9347  PSNR Mean Y:49.92 U:52.48 V:53.08 Avg:50.67 Global:50.49
 +
x264 [info]: slice B:142248 Avg QP:13.60  size:  4460  PSNR Mean Y:49.67 U:52.04 V:52.73 Avg:50.39 Global:50.23
 +
x264 [info]: consecutive B-frames:  1.3%  4.1% 94.7%
 +
x264 [info]: mb I  I16..4: 25.4%  0.0% 74.6%
 +
x264 [info]: mb P  I16..4:  4.9%  0.0%  7.2%  P16..4: 62.4% 11.1% 10.1%  0.0%  0.0%    skip: 4.3%
 +
x264 [info]: mb B  I16..4:  4.0%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8: 51.8%  3.3%  2.1%  direct:18.5%  skip:20.3%  L0:45.7% L1:47.3% BI: 7.0%
 +
x264 [info]: ref P L0  77.4% 22.6%
 +
x264 [info]: SSIM Mean Y:0.9959802
 +
x264 [info]: PSNR Mean Y:49.766 U:52.200 V:52.860 Avg:50.494 Global:50.327 kb/s:1500.06
 +
[17:01:52] adpcm_ms-decoder done: 0 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
 +
[17:01:52] libhb: work result = 0
 +
</pre>
 +
 
 +
==Video Sharing==
 +
YouTube didn't like my 945MB avi and was unable to import it.
 +
 
 +
Google has announced that they will no longer be accepting new video uploads - preferring to be the search engine for videos rather than the host.
 +
 
 +
[http://www.vimeo.com/ Vimeo] supposedly offers higher definition than YouTube, however YouTube does offer Hi Definition.
 +
 
 +
==See Also==
 +
[[Screencast]]
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<references />
  
 
[[Category:Video]]
 
[[Category:Video]]

Latest revision as of 19:18, 28 June 2023

Video Blogging Dialog-information.svg
Video
Image shows: Video
Summary
Description: embed videos from 30 popular services directly into your wiki
More
Notes: local content (mp4 files uploaded into the wiki) is displayed in a video player




With the embed video feature of MediaWiki, you can use a simple "tag" like 

{{#ev:vimeo|192125770}} or {{#ev:youtube|xxxxxxxx}}

to put your Vimeo or YouTube videos into your wiki.

Full syntax: {{#ev:service|id|dimensions|alignment|description|container|urlargs|autoresize|valignment}} However, if needed optional arguments may be left blank by not putting anything between the pipes:

{{#ev:service|id|||description}}

See https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:EmbedVideo for more help

Screencasting[edit | edit source]

You want to create some videos for YouTube you say? Something which sounds so simple can quickly get pretty involved. I mean, you can simply hit record on your web cam, save the result to a file, and then upload it - done. But unless you are perfect at "one shot" takes, it isn't so simple. If you care about the quality of the results that's when it quickly gets complicated. To record audio, you want a good microphone. With a good microphone, you want a good pair of headphones to monitor your sound. With a good recording, you're going to want some 'studio' equipment and software to mix your tracks into a final product. There are countless choices for audio / video / recording / mixing equipment and the software (plus 'content libraries' like sound effects or video fades). I'm not a professional musician, sound engineer nor even a professional vlogger. But, I'm interested in making some quality screencasts so here are my notes about some of the choices I'm making for my setup.

Microphone[edit | edit source]

There are four types of microphone [1]

  • Dynamic Microphones
  • Large Diaphram Condensor Microphones
  • Small Diaphram Condensor Microphones
  • Ribbon Microphones

RØDE microphones are certainly among the top brands[2] and are distributed through Target and BestBuy as well as the usual online outlets.

  • The Rode NT1-A that Gabe uses is a classic large-diaphragm true-condenser microphone. The NT1-A comes with the RØDE SM6, a high-quality suspension shock mount that provides isolation from external physical factors that may cause unwanted rumble and vibrations in the microphone. It includes a removable pop shield for clean, plosive-free recording with two axes of adjustment and a telescopic arm for ultimate application versatility. A high-quality XLR cable is also supplied.
  • The PodMic USB ($199) is a dynamic Broadcast Microphone that offers dual USB and XLR connectivity. It has an internal pop filter and shock mount plus comes with an external pop filter. There are several additional pieces of software available from Rode to make the best use of the PodMic, such as Rode Central to configure the internal digital signal processing. Rode Connect will allow you to configure multiple USB microphones on a single computer.

If your microphone uses a standard XLR cable for output, then you are going to need an interface to be able to connect it to your computer. One such interface is the Focusrite Scarlet 2i2 Sadly, the focusrite does not appear to be compatible with Linux - only offering driver downloads for Mac and Windows. So, if you're looking for equipment that will be truly cross-platform, that is something to consider - meaning you might want to get a mic that is already USB capable.

There are cables that convert XLR to USB, but be sure that this will work for your setup and type of microphone. An XLR to USB cable can be useful for connecting old analog mixers to a computer. The type of microphone you have will correlate to the power requirements it has. Condenser microphones require power to function (called phantom power) compared with ribbon microphones which do not. Meanwhile dynamic microphones do not output a powerful signal, and thus require amplification.

Mixer[edit | edit source]

Focusrite Console


RODE produces mixers that can be a good hardware choice. Examples include the Streamer-X ($399). Various models are available with prices reflecting the number of soft switches (programmable buttons), inputs and outputs.

Software[edit | edit source]

Instead of a hardware mixer (that requires various software to interact with, administer or configure the hardware), you can alternatively use a complete software approach. OBS Studio is a software vision mixer and audio mixer.

OBS Studio is GPL-licensed software app for screencasting and live streaming. Written in C/C++ and built with Qt, OBS Studio provides real-time capture, scene composition, recording, encoding, and broadcasting via Real Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP), HLS, SRT or RIST. It can stream videos to any RTMP-supporting destination, including YouTube, Twitch, Instagram and Facebook.



The rest of this article is quite a bit dated.





As mentioned, I got a wp:Flip Video camera. Here then are some notes about video blogging with the camera.

Recording[edit | edit source]

Although the camera will indicate that it has 60 minutes of record time available when the memory is completely empty, I was able to record over two hours of a User Group presentation. Perhaps the extended available time was due to the high compressibility of a mostly static scene (slides on a screen). More testing is in order.

The zoom capability is a digital effect rather than an optical zoom, so basically you don't want to ever use the zoom because all you will do is make your source more grainy.

Downloading Video[edit | edit source]

Simply plugging the camera's USB connector into your computer's USB port will mount the internal storage of the camera, and you can copy the files to any disk space you have. Since the camera supports the USB2 interface, file transfers go at a rate of about 5MB/second in my case.

Watching Video[edit | edit source]

The Flip Video gives you .avi files. You can watch or upload and share these with almost no effort. The ffmpeg project provides decoding capabilities because essentially, no matter what the encoding algorithm is, the decoding of an MPEG-4 file is standard. What this means in practice is that you can use KMPlayer, Totem, Xine or any media player you want to watch the videos you recorded.

Video Editors[edit | edit source]

When you want to edit these files, you can use an editing tool like Kino (consumer oriented) or Kdenlive (pro-sumer oriented). These tools are similar in function to Adobe Premier, but without the $800 pricetag. If you already have files in DV format, then Kino is probably the best choice (and relatively easy to use). However, Kino will not edit .avi directly, and so it will offer to convert any .avi file to .dv -- which not only takes time, but will also increase the filesize by almost a factor of 10. So, for direct editting of .avi files, you are best off getting familiar with the more advanced interface of the Kdenlive tool.

I should mention that Windows users can use the simple (as in plain, very limited) video editing tools provided with the Flip Video camera. It looks like the only thing it does is "clip" the video (allowing you to choose a later start and an earlier end). The software also interacts with a web service to combine videos but with no control over titling, effects, and sound tracks.

Kdenlive[edit | edit source]

Ambox notice.png
 Note that Kdenlive has been ported to KDE4, and so you will probably want to use that version if you are setup to run the KDE4 desktop.

To get started, see the wiki book

Watch the short example video

Visit the website

Kdenlive has instructions on how to make and add a tutorial to their site, including how to create and upload desktop recordings onto vimeo.com (see section below on sharing) http://kdenlive.org/contribution-manual/how-make-video-tutorial Note that in the latest Kdenlive, RecordMyDesktop is integrated so that you can just open Kdenlive to start your desktop recording project.

Avidemux[edit | edit source]

Using Avidemux, it would prompt me to reindex the file with every FlipVideo avi file that I opened. So, perhaps that is an indication of some internal decoding issue that the FlipVideo presents to any codec trying to read the standard avi container format.

I tried using Avidemux to cut an original. Unfortunately, I've had problems trying to slice an original file produced by the FlipVideo. I tried to cut an orginal 2hr video down to two 45 minute sessions and a 30 minute session. The video cut fine, but the audio was left behind. Presumably this is due to sync issues which I have yet to figure out.

HandBrake[edit | edit source]

I used HandBrake successfully to re-encode the avi file into mp4 format. It took 9hours to do the conversion which I left unattended while I went to work. The 954MB source was turned into a 1.4GB mp4 In the log, you can see that it adds several microseconds of silence to keep audio and video in sync. 

[08:08:59] lingui: Handbrake Version: 0.9.3 (2008112300)
[08:08:59] hb_init: checking cpu count
[08:08:59] hb_init: starting libhb thread
[08:08:59] hb_init: checking cpu count
[08:08:59] hb_init: starting libhb thread
[08:10:01] hb_scan: path=/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi, title_index=0
[08:10:01] scan: trying to open with libdvdread
[08:10:01] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
Input #0, avi, from '/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi':
Duration: 02:01:43.41, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1084 kb/s
Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 640x480 [PAR 1:1 DAR 4:3], 30.00 tb(r)
Stream #0.1: Audio: adpcm_ms, 44100 Hz, mono, s16, 177 kb/s
[08:10:02] scan: decoding previews for title 1
[08:10:02] scan: 10 previews, 640x480, 30.000 fps, autocrop = 0/0/0/0, aspect 1.33:1, PAR 1:1
[08:10:02] scan: title (0) job->width:640, job->height:480
[08:10:02] libhb: scan thread found 1 valid title(s)
[08:14:05] hb_scan: path=/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi, title_index=1
[08:14:05] scan: trying to open with libdvdread
[08:14:05] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
Input #0, avi, from '/media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi':
Duration: 02:01:43.41, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1084 kb/s
Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 640x480 [PAR 1:1 DAR 4:3], 30.00 tb(r)
Stream #0.1: Audio: adpcm_ms, 44100 Hz, mono, s16, 177 kb/s
[08:14:06] scan: decoding previews for title 1
[08:14:06] scan: 10 previews, 640x480, 30.000 fps, autocrop = 0/0/0/0, aspect 1.33:1, PAR 1:1
[08:14:06] scan: title (0) job->width:640, job->height:480
[08:14:06] libhb: scan thread found 1 valid title(s)
[08:14:06] lingui: Preset: Basic->Normal
[08:14:06] 2 job(s) to process
[08:14:06] starting job
[08:14:06] work: sanitizing track 0 mixdown Stereo to Mono
[08:14:06] job configuration:
[08:14:06]  * source
[08:14:06]    + /media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi
[08:14:06]    + title 1, chapter(s) 1 to 1
[08:14:06]    + container: avi
[08:14:06]    + data rate: 1084 kbps
[08:14:06]  * destination
[08:14:06]    + /home/greg/Desktop/mediawiki/2009-01-14.12.30.mp4
[08:14:06]    + container: MPEG-4 (.mp4 and .m4v)
[08:14:06]      + chapter markers
[08:14:06]  * video track
[08:14:06]    + decoder: mpeg4
[08:14:06]    + frame rate: same as source (around 30.000 fps)
[08:14:06]    + loose anamorphic
[08:14:06]      + storage dimensions: 640 * 480 -> 640 * 480, crop 0/0/0/0
[08:14:06]      + pixel aspect ratio: 1 / 1
[08:14:06]      + display dimensions: 640 * 480
[08:14:06]    + encoder: x264
[08:14:06]      + options: ref=2:bframes=2:me=umh:ref=1:subme=1:me=dia:analyse=none:trellis=0:no-fast-pskip=0:8x8dct=0:weightb=0
[08:14:06]      + bitrate: 1500 kbps, pass: 1
[08:14:06]  * audio track 0
[08:14:06]    + decoder: Unknown (ADPCM_M) (track 1, id 1)
[08:14:06]    + mixdown: Mono
[08:14:06]    + encoder: faac
[08:14:06]      + bitrate: 160 kbps, samplerate: 44100 Hz
[08:14:06] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
[08:14:06] encx264: keyint-min: 31, keyint-max: 301
[08:14:06] encx264: encoding with stored aspect 1/1
x264 [info]: using SAR=1/1
x264 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2 Cache64
x264 [info]: profile Main, level 3.0
[08:14:06] sync: expecting 219132 video frames
[08:14:07] reader: first SCR 0
[09:07:45] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 207793188, next 207784187
[10:00:16] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 415582221, next 415573220
[10:46:40] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 623375409, next 623366408
[10:54:16] reader: done. 1 scr changes
[10:54:27] sync: got 219089 frames, 219132 expected
[10:54:27] work: average encoding speed for job is 22.772926 fps
[10:54:28] mpeg4-decoder done: 219091 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
[10:54:28] render: lost time: 0 (0 frames)
[10:54:28] render: gained time: 0 (0 frames) (0 not accounted for)
x264 [info]: slice I:734   Avg QP:11.91  size: 32553  PSNR Mean Y:51.97 U:53.81 V:54.35 Avg:52.55 Global:52.39
x264 [info]: slice P:76107 Avg QP:12.47  size:  9659  PSNR Mean Y:49.26 U:50.86 V:51.46 Avg:49.79 Global:49.61
x264 [info]: slice B:142249 Avg QP:13.27  size:  4273  PSNR Mean Y:49.10 U:50.67 V:51.31 Avg:49.62 Global:49.44
x264 [info]: consecutive B-frames:  1.3%  4.1% 94.7%
x264 [info]: mb I  I16..4: 27.3%  0.0% 72.7%
x264 [info]: mb P  I16..4: 11.7%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4: 84.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip: 4.3%
x264 [info]: mb B  I16..4:  2.8%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8: 49.8%  0.0%  0.0%  direct:26.8%  skip:20.6%  L0:41.9% L1:52.0% BI: 6.1%
x264 [info]: final ratefactor: 19.77
x264 [info]: SSIM Mean Y:0.9947361
x264 [info]: PSNR Mean Y:49.162 U:50.749 V:51.374 Avg:49.688 Global:49.505 kb/s:1497.25
[10:54:28] adpcm_ms-decoder done: 0 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
[10:54:28] starting job
[10:54:28] work: sanitizing track 0 mixdown Stereo to Mono
[10:54:28] job configuration:
[10:54:28]  * source
[10:54:28]    + /media/disk/video.blog/2009-01-14.12.30.avi
[10:54:28]    + title 1, chapter(s) 1 to 1
[10:54:28]    + container: avi
[10:54:28]    + data rate: 1084 kbps
[10:54:28]  * destination
[10:54:28]    + /home/greg/Desktop/mediawiki/2009-01-14.12.30.mp4
[10:54:28]    + container: MPEG-4 (.mp4 and .m4v)
[10:54:28]      + chapter markers
[10:54:28]  * video track
[10:54:28]    + decoder: mpeg4
[10:54:28]    + frame rate: same as source (around 30.000 fps)
[10:54:28]    + loose anamorphic
[10:54:28]      + storage dimensions: 640 * 480 -> 640 * 480, crop 0/0/0/0
[10:54:28]      + pixel aspect ratio: 1 / 1
[10:54:28]      + display dimensions: 640 * 480
[10:54:28]    + encoder: x264
[10:54:28]      + options: ref=2:bframes=2:me=umh
[10:54:28]      + bitrate: 1500 kbps, pass: 2
[10:54:28]  * audio track 0
[10:54:28]    + decoder: Unknown (ADPCM_M) (track 1, id 1)
[10:54:28]    + mixdown: Mono
[10:54:28]    + encoder: faac
[10:54:28]      + bitrate: 160 kbps, samplerate: 44100 Hz
[10:54:28] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
[10:54:28] encx264: keyint-min: 31, keyint-max: 301
[10:54:28] encx264: encoding with stored aspect 1/1
x264 [info]: using SAR=1/1
x264 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2 Cache64
[10:54:28] reader: first SCR 0
x264 [info]: profile Main, level 3.0
[10:54:51] sync: expecting 219132 video frames
[12:44:10] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 207793188, next 207784187
[14:42:28] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 415582221, next 415573220
[16:42:30] sync: adding 100 ms of silence to audio 0  start 623375409, next 623366408
[17:01:15] reader: done. 1 scr changes
[17:01:50] sync: got 219089 frames, 219132 expected
[17:01:50] work: average encoding speed for job is 9.949869 fps
[17:01:52] mpeg4-decoder done: 219091 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
[17:01:52] render: lost time: 0 (0 frames)
[17:01:52] render: gained time: 0 (0 frames) (0 not accounted for)
x264 [info]: slice I:734   Avg QP:12.25  size: 32048  PSNR Mean Y:51.61 U:54.77 V:55.34 Avg:52.47 Global:52.38
x264 [info]: slice P:76108 Avg QP:12.63  size:  9347  PSNR Mean Y:49.92 U:52.48 V:53.08 Avg:50.67 Global:50.49
x264 [info]: slice B:142248 Avg QP:13.60  size:  4460  PSNR Mean Y:49.67 U:52.04 V:52.73 Avg:50.39 Global:50.23
x264 [info]: consecutive B-frames:  1.3%  4.1% 94.7%
x264 [info]: mb I  I16..4: 25.4%  0.0% 74.6%
x264 [info]: mb P  I16..4:  4.9%  0.0%  7.2%  P16..4: 62.4% 11.1% 10.1%  0.0%  0.0%    skip: 4.3%
x264 [info]: mb B  I16..4:  4.0%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8: 51.8%  3.3%  2.1%  direct:18.5%  skip:20.3%  L0:45.7% L1:47.3% BI: 7.0%
x264 [info]: ref P L0  77.4% 22.6%
x264 [info]: SSIM Mean Y:0.9959802
x264 [info]: PSNR Mean Y:49.766 U:52.200 V:52.860 Avg:50.494 Global:50.327 kb/s:1500.06
[17:01:52] adpcm_ms-decoder done: 0 frames, 0 decoder errors, 0 drops
[17:01:52] libhb: work result = 0

Video Sharing[edit | edit source]

YouTube didn't like my 945MB avi and was unable to import it.

Google has announced that they will no longer be accepting new video uploads - preferring to be the search engine for videos rather than the host.

Vimeo supposedly offers higher definition than YouTube, however YouTube does offer Hi Definition.

See Also[edit | edit source]

Screencast




  1. ↑ https://blog.landr.com/microphone-types/
  2. ↑ Top brands for microphones include Shure, Sennheiser, AKG, Rode, Audio-Technica, Neumann, Electro-Voice, Blue, Samson, and Heil Sound https://hellomusictheory.com/learn/best-microphone-brands/

General Public License = A sane copyright license

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