Difference between revisions of "VirtualBox"
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| + | {{highlight|text=This page needs an update. The introduction is all new.}} | ||
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| + | First of all, if you're going to use VirtualBox with Ubuntu, and either dual-boot, or even if Ubuntu is the only thing on your machine, you will probably need to deal with EUFI Secure Boot. For example, if you have a Hewlett Packard system, you'll find instructions [https://support.hp.com/in-en/document/c04784866 here] for enabling and disabling Secure Boot. (hint; hit <kbd>F10</kbd> at POST). While you're in your system setup (aka "BIOS" although it's not BIOS anymore) make sure you enable [[wp:X86_virtualization#Intel_virtualization_(VT-x)|VT-x]] / VT-d | ||
| + | |||
| + | * https://era86.github.io/2018/01/24/vagrant-virtualbox-secureboot-in-ubuntu-1604.html | ||
| + | * https://askubuntu.com/questions/914997/install-virtualbox-while-keeping-secure-boot | ||
| + | * https://stegard.net/2016/10/virtualbox-secure-boot-ubuntu-fail/ | ||
| + | * Assuming you disable secure boot due to a package installation, even when you re-enable secure boot in your system configuration, you may still see [https://askubuntu.com/questions/726052/ubuntu-booting-in-insecure-mode-with-secureboot-enabled Booting in insecure mode with SecureBoot enabled] | ||
| + | |||
| + | You'll always find a newer version of VirtualBox [https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads using the Oracle ppa], so use that rather than the packaged version that comes with your distro. Warning: if you've already got VirtualBox installed from packages, you should remove it (but not 'completely' meaning don't destroy your existing images). Also, under packaged Ubuntu, you can simply <code>apt-get install virtualbox-guest-additions-iso</code>; however with the PPA, you'll need to download it yourself. | ||
| + | |||
| + | You'll also want to download an ISO or two for your virtual machines http://releases.ubuntu.com/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Note: you don't have to mount the ISO, you can just select it by clicking the little folder icon during setup. | ||
| + | |||
== VirtualBox == | == VirtualBox == | ||
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=== VBoxManage === | === VBoxManage === | ||
| − | Besides the GUI interface for VirtualBox, you can manage your VirtualBox machines with the <code>[[VBoxManage]]</code> command line tool | + | Besides the GUI interface for VirtualBox, you can manage your VirtualBox machines with the <code>[[VBoxManage]]</code> command line tool. |
=== Important Settings === | === Important Settings === | ||
Be sure to [https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch03.html#settings-processor enable PAE/NX] in the System -> Processor tab for your Ubuntu guests | Be sure to [https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch03.html#settings-processor enable PAE/NX] in the System -> Processor tab for your Ubuntu guests | ||
| − | == | + | == Guest Additions == |
| + | If you have problems with installing Guest Additions, see https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/LinuxAdditionsDebug which describes what the drivers are, what they do, and how to install them manually. | ||
| − | + | <code>lsmod | grep vbox</code> will give you some info on what's installed; which will be different for the host and the guest. | |
| − | + | <code>modinfo vboxdrv</code> will give you info about the specific driver; especially the filename and version. The version of the driver should match the version of VirtualBox that you're running. | |
| − | |||
| − | The | ||
| + | == Extensions == | ||
| + | You may need/want to install the "'''Extension Pack'''" for VirtualBox. That's because it provides USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 Host Controller, Host Webcam, VirtualBox RDP, PXE ROM, Disk Encryption, and NVMe. First download the file (it's a tarball with a .vbox-extpack extension), and then use VBoxManage to install it. | ||
| + | <source lang="bash"> | ||
| + | VBoxManage list extpacks | ||
| + | VBoxManage extpack --help | ||
| + | VBoxManage extpack install --replace ~/Downloads/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-5.2.13-122773.vbox-extpack | ||
| + | </source> | ||
== Shared Folders == | == Shared Folders == | ||
| + | Once you create a shared folder in the VirtualBox UI, you may need to mount that folder from the guest. | ||
| − | + | E.g. for meza, | |
| + | <source lang="bash"> | ||
| + | cd ~/src/meza | ||
| + | vagrant ssh # to get onto the guest | ||
| + | sudo mount -t vboxsf -o uid=$UID,gid=$(id -g) opt_meza /opt/meza | ||
| + | # now the /home/greg/src/meza folder on the host is available to the vagrant user on the guest at /opt/meza | ||
| + | </source> | ||
| − | + | == Disk Images == | |
| − | + | Learn more about VDI - Virtual Disk Images. All about how VirtualBox stores a 'snapshot' of a guest computer into a file on the host. | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
http://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=8046 | http://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=8046 | ||
== Other Projects using VirtualBox == | == Other Projects using VirtualBox == | ||
| − | See [[Drupal/virtualization]] | + | * See [[Drupal/virtualization]] |
| − | + | * VirtualBox is the default 'provider' (virtualization system) used by HashiCorp's [[Vagrant]] | |
| + | * The MediaWiki project uses vagrant so that you can setup a development instance in a snap. See [[MediaWiki-Vagrant]] | ||
[[Category:Virtualization]] | [[Category:Virtualization]] | ||
[[Category:Development]] | [[Category:Development]] | ||
[[Category:DevOps]] | [[Category:DevOps]] | ||
Latest revision as of 07:25, 31 December 2018
First of all, if you're going to use VirtualBox with Ubuntu, and either dual-boot, or even if Ubuntu is the only thing on your machine, you will probably need to deal with EUFI Secure Boot. For example, if you have a Hewlett Packard system, you'll find instructions here for enabling and disabling Secure Boot. (hint; hit F10 at POST). While you're in your system setup (aka "BIOS" although it's not BIOS anymore) make sure you enable VT-x / VT-d
- https://era86.github.io/2018/01/24/vagrant-virtualbox-secureboot-in-ubuntu-1604.html
- https://askubuntu.com/questions/914997/install-virtualbox-while-keeping-secure-boot
- https://stegard.net/2016/10/virtualbox-secure-boot-ubuntu-fail/
- Assuming you disable secure boot due to a package installation, even when you re-enable secure boot in your system configuration, you may still see Booting in insecure mode with SecureBoot enabled
You'll always find a newer version of VirtualBox using the Oracle ppa, so use that rather than the packaged version that comes with your distro. Warning: if you've already got VirtualBox installed from packages, you should remove it (but not 'completely' meaning don't destroy your existing images). Also, under packaged Ubuntu, you can simply apt-get install virtualbox-guest-additions-iso; however with the PPA, you'll need to download it yourself.
You'll also want to download an ISO or two for your virtual machines http://releases.ubuntu.com/
Note: you don't have to mount the ISO, you can just select it by clicking the little folder icon during setup.
Contents
VirtualBox[edit | edit source]
"VirtualBox is a powerful x86 and AMD64/Intel64 virtualization product for enterprise as well as home use. Not only is VirtualBox an extremely feature rich, high performance product for enterprise customers, it is also the only professional solution that is freely available as Open Source Software under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL)."
Getting it[edit | edit source]
# prep
# Stop any virtual machines
vagrant halt qualitybox
cd ~/Downloads
wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/5.0.26/virtualbox-5.0_5.0.26-108824-Ubuntu-trusty_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i ~/Downloads/virtualbox-5.0_5.0.26-108824-Ubuntu-trusty_i386.deb
If you get a 'conflict with virtualbox' error, remove the existing package and re-try the previous install command
sudo dpkg --remove virtualbox-4.3
You may also need to upgrade vagrant E.g. VirtualBox GUI runs fine, but 'vagrant up' does not. This happened to me when my installed version of vagrant 1.7.1 only supported VirtualBox <= 4.3. Upgrading to vagrant 1.8.5 added support for VirtualBox 5.x
sudo dpkg -i /home/greg/Downloads/vagrant_1.8.5_i686.deb
VBoxManage[edit | edit source]
Besides the GUI interface for VirtualBox, you can manage your VirtualBox machines with the VBoxManage command line tool.
Important Settings[edit | edit source]
Be sure to enable PAE/NX in the System -> Processor tab for your Ubuntu guests
Guest Additions[edit | edit source]
If you have problems with installing Guest Additions, see https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/LinuxAdditionsDebug which describes what the drivers are, what they do, and how to install them manually.
lsmod | grep vbox will give you some info on what's installed; which will be different for the host and the guest.
modinfo vboxdrv will give you info about the specific driver; especially the filename and version. The version of the driver should match the version of VirtualBox that you're running.
Extensions[edit | edit source]
You may need/want to install the "Extension Pack" for VirtualBox. That's because it provides USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 Host Controller, Host Webcam, VirtualBox RDP, PXE ROM, Disk Encryption, and NVMe. First download the file (it's a tarball with a .vbox-extpack extension), and then use VBoxManage to install it.
VBoxManage list extpacks
VBoxManage extpack --help
VBoxManage extpack install --replace ~/Downloads/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-5.2.13-122773.vbox-extpack
[edit | edit source]
Once you create a shared folder in the VirtualBox UI, you may need to mount that folder from the guest.
E.g. for meza,
cd ~/src/meza
vagrant ssh # to get onto the guest
sudo mount -t vboxsf -o uid=$UID,gid=$(id -g) opt_meza /opt/meza
# now the /home/greg/src/meza folder on the host is available to the vagrant user on the guest at /opt/meza
Disk Images[edit | edit source]
Learn more about VDI - Virtual Disk Images. All about how VirtualBox stores a 'snapshot' of a guest computer into a file on the host. http://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=8046
Other Projects using VirtualBox[edit | edit source]
- See Drupal/virtualization
- VirtualBox is the default 'provider' (virtualization system) used by HashiCorp's Vagrant
- The MediaWiki project uses vagrant so that you can setup a development instance in a snap. See MediaWiki-Vagrant
